Saturday, March 29, 2008
Saturday, March 15, 2008
Monday, March 10, 2008
lectuers on political islam, UCC
Political Islam
Islam is an Arabic word originated from salam which means peace or submission.
•The prophet of Islam Mohammad Ibn Abdallah, was born in the year 570 AD in the city of Mecca, in Saudi Arabia.
•Pre-Islamic Arab society was a society of tribe, war, full of alcohol and prostitution
Political Islam
•Islam brands this society as Al-Jahilya, the age of ignorance.
•Islam unlike any other religious mission, was rather more political than divine in its emergence into the world
•Islam spread quickly over the world, and soon fought against the big powers of that time
The Qur’an
•We sent down the (Qur’an) in Truth, and in Truth has it descended: and We sent thee but to give Glad Tidings and to warn (17:105:6).
•It is about 4/5 the length of the New Testament.
•It is divided into 114 chapters or Surahs. The Surahs are revelations given to Mohammed during his 23 years of “Prophethood” from 610 AD to 632 AD.
•It’s composed during Mohammed’s lifetime corresponds to the time and circumstances of his life. The Surahs divided into three time periods.
3 periods
•The earliest Surahs are the shortest and known as Early Meccan, and date from 610 to 622 AD. Composed in Mecca. The content are more peaceful because Islam was weak.
•The Median Surahs were composed during the time Muslims controlled the city of Medina. The doctrine of Jihad was introduced as war was waged against Mecca and its idol worshipers. Animosity toward the Jews and Christians increased.
The Qur’an
•The origin of it is disputed. Mostly by John Wansbrough,
•multi-authors and continuation of Bible and Torah.
•Even for native Arabic speakers, the Qur'an is a difficult document. Its archaic language and verse structure are difficult hurdles to cross.
Sovereignty
•The biggest unsolved problem faces Islam.
•The raw over who should rule started at the day of Muhammad’s death.
•This latter on led to the division in Islam; Shi’a and Sunny.
•Shi’a believe in beata stirps; holy root
•Sunny in Khalifa, without any textual bases.
Economy
•Islam is combatable with capitalist (economic) system.
•Zakat is a sign of accepting capitalist system.
•Islam prevent dealings that involve usury or interest (Riba)
•qarz-el-hassan: Any predetermined payment over and above the actual amount of principal is prohibited.
Women
•Family is a core of Islam: structure, power, politics.
•Man is the centre of the family.
•the male is the equivalent of the share of two females,Qua’n 4:176Bible Leviticus 27
•An politicised issue, polygamy, hijab, etc.
Peace & War
•Dar al salam,(10:25) abode of peace, Islam, verses dar al harb abode of war others
•Jihad struggle
• Big Jihad Vs Small Jihad what
• anfal the spoils
Islam & other
•Clash: Lewis & Huntington
•Aljahlya: Ibn Taymmya, Qutb et al.
•Ahl al kitab (people of books)
•Confused relationships with west
•Culture Vs civilisation
Politicising Islam
•Aljahelya, Age of Ignorance
•Violent and terror as a politics
•Sharia law comes from a combination of sources including the Qur'an, the Hadith and fatwas - the rulings of Islamic scholars.
•Modernity and the rise of religion (Islam).
Political Islam
The meaning
•Politic is public, politicising Islam signify Islamising the public.
•Secularism is limiting the realm of religion to home i.e. private
•A war between secular and religion (Islam) is over space
The genesis of the problem
•Reality (event) versus text (theory)
•Qura’n can be divided into two parts: theology and social
•During Muhammad the event preceded the text apart from the theological part.
•Every (Qura’nic Text) text is related to an event
•A religion was an attempt to make sense of reality
• A process of meaning construction
The Rupture
Through out time this has reversed
•The rupture is occurred during the Mongol occupation
•The leading theologian was Ibn-Taymmya 1268-1328
•This era, in Islam, known as an era of declination
•The Muslims were weak, defeated, in the face of the Other (Mongol).
Ibn Taymmya
•in favour of direct inspiration from the Qur'an and the early Muslims
•Ibn Taymiyya was born in Syria, and died in Damascus in ah 728/ad 1328.
•He lived in a time when the Islamic world was suffering from external aggression and internal strife. The crusaders had not been fully expelled from the Holy Land, and the Mongols had all but destroyed the eastern Islamic empire when they captured Baghdad in 1258.
Ibn-Tyammya
•Ibn Taymiyya was a staunch defender of Sunni Islam based on strict adherence to the Qur'an and authentic sunna (practices) of the Prophet Muhammad.
•He believed that these two sources contain all the religious and spiritual guidance necessary for our salvation in the hereafter. Thus he rejected the arguments and ideas of both philosophers and Sufis regarding religious knowledge, spiritual experiences and ritual practices.
Anti-rationalism
•He believed that logic is not a reliable means of attaining religious truth and that the intellect must be subservient to revealed truth.
•Ibn Tymmya was a follower of Ahmed ibn Hanbal (780-855 CE). The founder of Hanbaly school in Islam. According to Hanbal, reason could lead man astray, so a true believer had to refrain from being too much of a rationalist.
Mutazilites
•Mutazilites: Arabic word for those who chose solitude. However they did not do that but they were forced.
•Mutazilites said that the Qur'an and human reason would be enough to find the truth. "God gave us both textual revelation and personal intelligence", the Mutazilites argued, "so we should use both." They also believed that God was just and merciful by nature, and that He could not have forsaken these principles.
Mutazilites
•The denial of fate. They did not believe in fate, because man has free will and is responsible for his own actions.
• A denial that the attributes of God are knowable. To them, God is impervious to characterisation by His creatures.
•The Qur’an is created. They believed the Qur’an had been created, and it is not the uncreated Word of God.
•These ideas were against Islamic dogma.
Modern political Islam
•There are three main political Islams
•1- Wahhabi (18th century) Muhammad bn abdul wahab. Saudi Arabia
•2- Ikhwan Muslimin (Muslim Brotherhood)
•3- Shi’a political Islam , Khomeini vlayati faqih guardianship of the clerics.
Wahhabi
•A puritan movement
•Stress on oneness
•Opposing every form of innovation and reform
•Using force against the opponents
•Imposing literal interpretation
•It’s the main form of Islam in Saudi Arabia
Ikhwan
•It was founded by Hassan al-Banna in 1928.
•Their credo is “Allah is our objective. The Prophet is our leader. Qur'an is our law. Jihad is our way. Dying in the way of Allah is our highest hope”.
•The Brotherhood claims that it seeks to install the Qur'an and Sunnah as the “sole reference point for ... ordering the life of the Muslim family, individual, community ... and state”.
•the movement officially opposes violent.
Qutb
•Mankind today is on the brink of a precipice, not because of the danger of complete annihilation which is hanging over its head--this being just a symptom and not the real disease--but because humanity is devoid of those vital values which are necessary not only for its healthy development but also for its real progress.
•Even the Western world realises that Western civilization is unable to present any healthy values for the guidance of mankind.
Failure of all
•Democracy in the West has become infertile
•Marxism is defeated on the plane of thought, and not a single nation in the world is truly Marxist.
•All nationalistic and chauvinistic ideologies which have appeared in modern times, and all the movements and theories derived from them, have also lost their vitality. In short, all man-made individual or collective theories have proved to be failures.
Al-jahilyya
•It means the age of ignorance. Originally used to describe the pre-Islamic era.
•Qutb viewed Western civilization with contempt as an expression of jahiliyya jadidah/neo-jahiliyya.
• new “crusader design” “clash of civilizations”
•he was at pains to replace modernity with an unrestrained theo-centrism that leaves no room for democracy in the sense of rule of the people by the people.
Khomayni
•The life of Ayatollah Khomayni was so shadowy, so overlain with myth and rumour, that there was a lingering disagreement or uncertainty about his ancestry, his true name and his date of birth.
•For him Islam established a state and in that state the executer is imam
• the Imam is absent is shi’a therefore can be replaced by the scholar or the clergy.
Conclusions
•Political Islam is an political doctrine
•It is a mix of Islam and modernity; Marxism and Fascism especially.
• it is hard to understand political Islam according to its literature and even their activities
•It is influenced by nationalism and a desire to establish an empire.
Conclusion
•They are relying on violent
•They have no notion of guilt or remorse.
• being perfect is part of their psychological make-up.
• they can do anything with impunity.
•They use violent against each other during disagreement and division in their groups.
conclusions
•It is possible to have a political doctrine based on Islam
•It is impossible to use politics to implement a textual Islam.
•The revival of Islam is a part of global phenomena
•It is not unique in Islamic history also.
Islam is an Arabic word originated from salam which means peace or submission.
•The prophet of Islam Mohammad Ibn Abdallah, was born in the year 570 AD in the city of Mecca, in Saudi Arabia.
•Pre-Islamic Arab society was a society of tribe, war, full of alcohol and prostitution
Political Islam
•Islam brands this society as Al-Jahilya, the age of ignorance.
•Islam unlike any other religious mission, was rather more political than divine in its emergence into the world
•Islam spread quickly over the world, and soon fought against the big powers of that time
The Qur’an
•We sent down the (Qur’an) in Truth, and in Truth has it descended: and We sent thee but to give Glad Tidings and to warn (17:105:6).
•It is about 4/5 the length of the New Testament.
•It is divided into 114 chapters or Surahs. The Surahs are revelations given to Mohammed during his 23 years of “Prophethood” from 610 AD to 632 AD.
•It’s composed during Mohammed’s lifetime corresponds to the time and circumstances of his life. The Surahs divided into three time periods.
3 periods
•The earliest Surahs are the shortest and known as Early Meccan, and date from 610 to 622 AD. Composed in Mecca. The content are more peaceful because Islam was weak.
•The Median Surahs were composed during the time Muslims controlled the city of Medina. The doctrine of Jihad was introduced as war was waged against Mecca and its idol worshipers. Animosity toward the Jews and Christians increased.
The Qur’an
•The origin of it is disputed. Mostly by John Wansbrough,
•multi-authors and continuation of Bible and Torah.
•Even for native Arabic speakers, the Qur'an is a difficult document. Its archaic language and verse structure are difficult hurdles to cross.
Sovereignty
•The biggest unsolved problem faces Islam.
•The raw over who should rule started at the day of Muhammad’s death.
•This latter on led to the division in Islam; Shi’a and Sunny.
•Shi’a believe in beata stirps; holy root
•Sunny in Khalifa, without any textual bases.
Economy
•Islam is combatable with capitalist (economic) system.
•Zakat is a sign of accepting capitalist system.
•Islam prevent dealings that involve usury or interest (Riba)
•qarz-el-hassan: Any predetermined payment over and above the actual amount of principal is prohibited.
Women
•Family is a core of Islam: structure, power, politics.
•Man is the centre of the family.
•the male is the equivalent of the share of two females,Qua’n 4:176Bible Leviticus 27
•An politicised issue, polygamy, hijab, etc.
Peace & War
•Dar al salam,(10:25) abode of peace, Islam, verses dar al harb abode of war others
•Jihad struggle
• Big Jihad Vs Small Jihad what
• anfal the spoils
Islam & other
•Clash: Lewis & Huntington
•Aljahlya: Ibn Taymmya, Qutb et al.
•Ahl al kitab (people of books)
•Confused relationships with west
•Culture Vs civilisation
Politicising Islam
•Aljahelya, Age of Ignorance
•Violent and terror as a politics
•Sharia law comes from a combination of sources including the Qur'an, the Hadith and fatwas - the rulings of Islamic scholars.
•Modernity and the rise of religion (Islam).
Political Islam
The meaning
•Politic is public, politicising Islam signify Islamising the public.
•Secularism is limiting the realm of religion to home i.e. private
•A war between secular and religion (Islam) is over space
The genesis of the problem
•Reality (event) versus text (theory)
•Qura’n can be divided into two parts: theology and social
•During Muhammad the event preceded the text apart from the theological part.
•Every (Qura’nic Text) text is related to an event
•A religion was an attempt to make sense of reality
• A process of meaning construction
The Rupture
Through out time this has reversed
•The rupture is occurred during the Mongol occupation
•The leading theologian was Ibn-Taymmya 1268-1328
•This era, in Islam, known as an era of declination
•The Muslims were weak, defeated, in the face of the Other (Mongol).
Ibn Taymmya
•in favour of direct inspiration from the Qur'an and the early Muslims
•Ibn Taymiyya was born in Syria, and died in Damascus in ah 728/ad 1328.
•He lived in a time when the Islamic world was suffering from external aggression and internal strife. The crusaders had not been fully expelled from the Holy Land, and the Mongols had all but destroyed the eastern Islamic empire when they captured Baghdad in 1258.
Ibn-Tyammya
•Ibn Taymiyya was a staunch defender of Sunni Islam based on strict adherence to the Qur'an and authentic sunna (practices) of the Prophet Muhammad.
•He believed that these two sources contain all the religious and spiritual guidance necessary for our salvation in the hereafter. Thus he rejected the arguments and ideas of both philosophers and Sufis regarding religious knowledge, spiritual experiences and ritual practices.
Anti-rationalism
•He believed that logic is not a reliable means of attaining religious truth and that the intellect must be subservient to revealed truth.
•Ibn Tymmya was a follower of Ahmed ibn Hanbal (780-855 CE). The founder of Hanbaly school in Islam. According to Hanbal, reason could lead man astray, so a true believer had to refrain from being too much of a rationalist.
Mutazilites
•Mutazilites: Arabic word for those who chose solitude. However they did not do that but they were forced.
•Mutazilites said that the Qur'an and human reason would be enough to find the truth. "God gave us both textual revelation and personal intelligence", the Mutazilites argued, "so we should use both." They also believed that God was just and merciful by nature, and that He could not have forsaken these principles.
Mutazilites
•The denial of fate. They did not believe in fate, because man has free will and is responsible for his own actions.
• A denial that the attributes of God are knowable. To them, God is impervious to characterisation by His creatures.
•The Qur’an is created. They believed the Qur’an had been created, and it is not the uncreated Word of God.
•These ideas were against Islamic dogma.
Modern political Islam
•There are three main political Islams
•1- Wahhabi (18th century) Muhammad bn abdul wahab. Saudi Arabia
•2- Ikhwan Muslimin (Muslim Brotherhood)
•3- Shi’a political Islam , Khomeini vlayati faqih guardianship of the clerics.
Wahhabi
•A puritan movement
•Stress on oneness
•Opposing every form of innovation and reform
•Using force against the opponents
•Imposing literal interpretation
•It’s the main form of Islam in Saudi Arabia
Ikhwan
•It was founded by Hassan al-Banna in 1928.
•Their credo is “Allah is our objective. The Prophet is our leader. Qur'an is our law. Jihad is our way. Dying in the way of Allah is our highest hope”.
•The Brotherhood claims that it seeks to install the Qur'an and Sunnah as the “sole reference point for ... ordering the life of the Muslim family, individual, community ... and state”.
•the movement officially opposes violent.
Qutb
•Mankind today is on the brink of a precipice, not because of the danger of complete annihilation which is hanging over its head--this being just a symptom and not the real disease--but because humanity is devoid of those vital values which are necessary not only for its healthy development but also for its real progress.
•Even the Western world realises that Western civilization is unable to present any healthy values for the guidance of mankind.
Failure of all
•Democracy in the West has become infertile
•Marxism is defeated on the plane of thought, and not a single nation in the world is truly Marxist.
•All nationalistic and chauvinistic ideologies which have appeared in modern times, and all the movements and theories derived from them, have also lost their vitality. In short, all man-made individual or collective theories have proved to be failures.
Al-jahilyya
•It means the age of ignorance. Originally used to describe the pre-Islamic era.
•Qutb viewed Western civilization with contempt as an expression of jahiliyya jadidah/neo-jahiliyya.
• new “crusader design” “clash of civilizations”
•he was at pains to replace modernity with an unrestrained theo-centrism that leaves no room for democracy in the sense of rule of the people by the people.
Khomayni
•The life of Ayatollah Khomayni was so shadowy, so overlain with myth and rumour, that there was a lingering disagreement or uncertainty about his ancestry, his true name and his date of birth.
•For him Islam established a state and in that state the executer is imam
• the Imam is absent is shi’a therefore can be replaced by the scholar or the clergy.
Conclusions
•Political Islam is an political doctrine
•It is a mix of Islam and modernity; Marxism and Fascism especially.
• it is hard to understand political Islam according to its literature and even their activities
•It is influenced by nationalism and a desire to establish an empire.
Conclusion
•They are relying on violent
•They have no notion of guilt or remorse.
• being perfect is part of their psychological make-up.
• they can do anything with impunity.
•They use violent against each other during disagreement and division in their groups.
conclusions
•It is possible to have a political doctrine based on Islam
•It is impossible to use politics to implement a textual Islam.
•The revival of Islam is a part of global phenomena
•It is not unique in Islamic history also.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
